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Punitive Damages for Contractual Breaches in Comparative Perspective:The Use of Penalties by Russian Enterprises
Punitive Damages Contractual Breaches Russian Enterprises
2015/9/22
The remedies available for breach of contract vary among legal systems. In most European countries, breaching parties may be required to pay punitive damages in addition to compensating those left in ...
CEO and CFO Career Penalties to Missing Quarterly Analysts Forecasts
Earnings Management Governing and Advisory Boards Compensation and Benefits Managerial Roles Personal Development and Career
2015/4/22
We find that missing the quarterly analyst consensus earnings forecast is associated with career penalties in the form of a reduced bonus, smaller equity grants, and a greater chance of forced dismiss...
Scientists use 'voting' and 'penalties' to overcome errors in quantum optimization（图）
voting penalties quantum optimization
2014/3/21
By tying quantum bits into voting blocks, scientists can create significant protection against decoherence.
On model selection consistency of M-estimators with geometrically decomposable penalties
model selection consistency M-estimators geometrically decomposable penalties
2013/6/14
Penalized M-estimators are used in many areas of science and engineering to fit models with some low-dimensional structure in high-dimensional settings. In many problems arising in bioinformatics, sig...
Stable Estimation of a Covariance Matrix Guided by Nuclear Norm Penalties
Covariance estimation Regularization Condition number Canonical correlation analysis Discriminant analysis Clustering
2013/6/14
Estimation of covariance matrices or their inverses plays a central role in many statistical methods. For these methods to work reliably, estimated matrices must not only be invertible but also well-c...
Linear system identification using stable spline kernels and PLQ penalties
linear system identification bias-variance trade off kernel-based regularization robust statistics interior point methods piecewise linear quadratic densities
2013/4/27
The classical approach to linear system identification is given by parametric Prediction Error Methods (PEM). In this context, model complexity is often unknown so that a model order selection step is...
Relaxation Penalties and Priors for Plausible Modeling of Nonidentified Bias Sources
Bias biostatistics causality epidemiology measurement error misclassification observational studies odds ratio relative risk
2010/3/9
In designed experiments and surveys, known laws or de-
sign feat ures provide checks on the most relevant aspects of a model
and identify the target parameters. In contrast, in most observational
s...
Optimal Pricing with Product Quality Differences and Contractual Penalties
Optimal Pricing Product Quality Differences Contractual Penalties
2009/11/23
There is quite a debate between legal scholars from Civil and Common Law systems on whether contractual penalties should be enforced by courts. In this contribution we look at this question from ...