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《Public Opinion》Chapter XIX. The Old Image In A New Form：Guild Socialism
Public Opinion 公众舆论 Walter Lippman 沃尔特·李普曼
2009/2/16
Whenever the quarrels of self-centered groups become unbearable, reformers in the past found themselves forced to choose between two great alternatives. They could take the path to Rome and impose a R...
《Public Opinion》Chapter XVIII. The Role Of Force, Patronage, and Privilege
Public Opinion 公众舆论 Walter Lippman 沃尔特·李普曼
2009/2/16
"It has happened as was to have been foreseen," wrote Hamilton,1 "the measures of the Union have not been executed; the delinquencies of the States have, step by step, matured themselves to an extreme...
《Public Opinion》Chapter XVII. The Self-Contained Community
Public Opinion 公众舆论 Walter Lippman 沃尔特·李普曼
2009/2/16
That groups of self-centered people would engage in a struggle for existence if they rubbed against each other has always been evident. This much truth there is at any rate in that famous passage in t...
《Public Opinion》Chapter XVI. The Self-Centered Man
Public Opinion 公众舆论 Walter Lippman 沃尔特·李普曼
2009/2/16
Since Public Opinion is supposed to be the prime mover in democracies, one might reasonably expect to find a vast literature. One does not find it. There are excellent books on government and parties,...
《Public Opinion》Chapter XIII. The Transfer Of Interest
Public Opinion 公众舆论 Walter Lippman 沃尔特·李普曼
2009/2/16
This goes to show that there are many variables in each man's impressions of the invisible world. The points of contact vary, the stereotyped expectations vary, the interest enlisted varies most subtl...
《Public Opinion》Chapter XI. The Enlisting Of Interest
Public Opinion 公众舆论 Walter Lippman 沃尔特·李普曼
2009/2/16
BUT the human mind is not a film which registers once and for all each impression that comes through its shutters and lenses. The human mind is endlessly and persistently creative. The pictures fade o...
《Public Opinion》Chapter X. The Detection Of Stereotypes
Public Opinion 公众舆论 Walter Lippman 沃尔特·李普曼
2009/2/16
Skilled diplomatists, compelled to talk out loud to the warring peoples, learned how to use a large repertory of stereotypes. They were dealing with a precarious alliance of powers, each of which was ...
《Public Opinion》Chapter IX. Codes And Their Enemies
Public Opinion 公众舆论 Walter Lippman 沃尔特·李普曼
2009/2/16
ANYONE who has stood at the end of a railroad platform waiting for a friend, will recall what queer people he mistook for him. The shape of a hat, a slightly characteristic gait, evoked the vivid pict...
《Public Opinion》Chapter VIII. Blind Spots And Their Value
Public Opinion 公众舆论 Walter Lippman 沃尔特·李普曼
2009/2/16
I HAVE been speaking of stereotypes rather than ideals, because the word ideal is usually reserved for what we consider the good, the true and the beautiful. Thus it carries the hint that here is some...
《Public Opinion》Chapter VII. Stereotypes As Defense
Public Opinion 公众舆论 Walter Lippman 沃尔特·李普曼
2009/2/16
THERE is another reason, besides economy of effort, why we so often hold to our stereotypes when we might pursue a more disinterested vision. The systems of stereotypes may be the core of our personal...
Each of us lives and works on a small part of the earth's surface, moves in a small circle, and of these acquaintances knows only a few intimately. Of any public event that has wide effects we see at ...
《Public Opinion》Chapter V. Speed, Words, And Clearness
Public Opinion 公众舆论 Walter Lippman 沃尔特·李普曼
2009/2/16
The unseen environment is reported to us chiefly by words. These words are transmitted by wire or radio from the reporters to the editors who fit them into print. Telegraphy is expensive, and the faci...
NATURALLY it is possible to make a rough estimate only of the amount of attention people give each day to informing themselves about public affairs. Yet it is interesting that three estimates that I h...
《Public Opinion》Chapter III. Contact And Opportunity
Public Opinion 公众舆论 Walter Lippman 沃尔特·李普曼
2009/2/16
While censorship and privacy intercept much information at its source, a very much larger body of fact never reaches the whole public at all, or only very slowly. For there are very distinct limits up...
《Public Opinion》Chapter II. Censorship And Privacy
Public Opinion 公众舆论 Walter Lippman 沃尔特·李普曼
2009/2/16
The picture of a general presiding over an editorial conference at the most terrible hour of one of the great battles of history seems more like a scene from The Chocolate Soldier than a page from lif...